Gender Roles And Work-life Balance: A Comparative Study Of Rural And Urban Areas Of Rawalpindi
Author: Zara Tahir

Despite women performing outside the domestic sphere and other roles, which were associated with men historically, responsibilities within the household are still primarily, linked to women. The specification of gender roles extensively prevails in the societal structure of Pakistan, which is creating various difficulties; including a lack of achieving work-life balance and psychological well-being. The study assumes that women, perform ample responsibilities, resulting in role overload, and conflict, which enhances stress, emotional and mental tiredness for them. Thirty-five married working-women from rural and urban areas of Rawalpindi were, selected for in-depth interviews. Results reveal that gender roles and struggles with work-life balance massively prevails in both of the areas however, women in urban areas have technological ways, role switching, nuclear family structure, and better infrastructure which provides them with relief from households chores occasionally and help them in balancing between work and family commitments. Along with this, women belonging from urban areas experienced more enhancements of responsibilities during Covid-19, and in comparison; rural women were more, benefited with the closure of offices, schools, and a break from professional work. Time management, prioritization of tasks, and goal setting are the widely, used strategies by married working-women in balancing work and life while enhancing their psychological and physical wellbeing. Importantly, a series of individual and government level efforts are required which can revise gender roles, specified for men and women in Pakistan and can holistically facilitate them to achieve ideal work-life balance and, greater well-being. Supervisor:- Dr. Muhammad Jehangir Khan

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Supervisor: Muhammad Jehangir Khan

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