Nexus Between Economic Growth And Environmental Degradation In Pakistan
Author: Yahya Khan

The research endeavor was aimed to investigate the existence of Environmental Kuznet curve for Pakistan over a time period of 1971 -2014. The time series covers environmental and various macroeconomic indicators such as C 2 emission Per capita, ecological foot print consumption per capita, Real GDP per capita, energy use per capita, trade openness, FDI inflow and Urban Population. Findings of the ADF test affirmed the stationarity of all the variables at first difference. The ARDL bound test to co integration and Dynamic ECM was applied to examine the co integration relationship among variables. Findings ensured significantly positive relationship between GDP and environmental degradation in both the C 2 and ecological models. The significantly negative impact of per capita 2 on environmental degradation in both the C 2 and ecological model confirms the validity of Environmental Kuznet curve for Pakistan. The energy consumption per capita on shows significantly positive association with C 2 emission and ecological foot print consumption per capita both in the short run and long run implies the excessive use of non – renewable energy. Foreign direct investment have significantly positive response towards C 2 emission and ecological foot print in the long run supporting the pollution haven hypothesis, while shows significantly positive relation with C 2 only in the short run. Trade openness show insignificant effect on C 2 emission, while negatively significant effect on ecological foot print both in the short run and long run. Finally, the urban Population have insignificant effect on C 2 emission and negatively insignificant impact on ecological foot print in the long run and positively significant impact in the short run. The study recommended effective implementation of National environmental Policy, shift towards clean and green technologies through formulation of emission trading policies, sustainable agriculture practices and proper implementation of CDM and REDD+ projects to reduce deforestation and promote sustainable development. Supervisor:- Dr Abedullah Co Supervisor:- Dr Syed Attaullah Shah

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Supervisor: Abedullah Anjum
Cosupervisor: Syed Attaullah Shah

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