In Cholistan Desert increased frequency of droughts and low rainfall is affecting the life of its inhabitants. Major source of livelihood in Cholistan is livestock but due to low rain fall, shortage of water and long droughts their number is continuously decreasing, leading to the economic instability and financial problems for nomads.1 Water shortage is one of the major reasons of mobility of nomads. They move from one water sources (Toba) 2 to another for their survival. As the water scarcity is rising the livestock holdings are adversely affected putting the pastoral nomads in a critical situation in terms of their livelihood. In order to improve the livelihood of nomads in Cholistan, Government distributed land among some desert residents. The land acquisition has resulted in seasonal migration between the canal area where land is allotted and the place of original residence. The land holders move to land in canal side during winter season, when the water shortage in desert area is acute. They cultivate the land which is provided by the Cholistan Development Authority (CDA). In summer they move back to desert with their livestock. This work focuses on issues related to livelihood of the Cholistan people. The study, further, aims to explore factors underlying the migration (mobility) patterns of nomads. More importantly, the impact of seasonal mobility on the economic conditions of the people living in the Cholistan desert is also gauged. Supervisor:- Dr Rehana Siddiqui